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药物到底怎样与机体发生作用?这是一个药理学的根本问题。这个问题如果获得解决,一方面将可进一步丰富生理科学的理论,另一方面并可指导创造更有效的药物制服疾病。由于以前科学知识有限,人们只能根据邻近科学的一些现象,提出了药物作用机制的假想,即所谓的“受休学说”(receptor theory)。随着科学的蓬勃发展,目前受体学说已经不是停留在纯粹假想的阶段,而是能够在一定程度上用实验数据加以说明。受体学说在药理学的发展过程中已经起到积极的作用,但是我们不能满足于利用这些假想或初步的实验根据,而是要用更多的实验根据来验证、发展和提高它成为一种有效的理论。因此,适当回顾以往的有关成就是有一定意义的。
How does the drug interact with the body? This is a fundamental problem of pharmacology. If this problem is solved, on the one hand it will further enrich the theory of physiology and, on the other hand, guide the creation of more effective drug-induced diseases. Due to limited scientific knowledge, one can only hypothesize the mechanism of drug action based on the phenomenon of neighboring sciences, the so-called “receptor theory.” With the rapid development of science, the current receptor theory has not stopped at a purely hypothetical stage, but can be explained to some extent by experimental data. Reciprocal theory has played a positive role in the development of pharmacology, but we can not be content to use these hypothetical or preliminary experimental evidences. Instead, we must use more experimental evidence to prove, develop and improve it as a Effective theory. Therefore, a proper review of previous relevant achievements is of some significance.