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采用等体积浸渍法制备了负载型固体碱催化剂K2CO3/γ-Al2O3,并将其用于催化玉米油与甲醇酯交换反应制备生物柴油。考察了反应条件对酯交换反应的影响。实验结果表明:当K2CO3负载量(K2CO3与γ-Al2O3的质量比)为25%、催化剂用量(相对于玉米油的质量)为5%、反应温度为55℃、反应时间为5h、醇油摩尔比(甲醇与玉米油的摩尔比)为12∶1时,生物柴油的收率可以达到90%以上,说明该催化剂具有较高的催化活性。
The supported solid alkali catalyst K2CO3 / γ-Al2O3 was prepared by the same volume impregnation method and used to catalyze the transesterification of corn oil with methanol to prepare biodiesel. The effects of reaction conditions on transesterification were investigated. The experimental results show that when the K2CO3 loading (mass ratio of K2CO3 to γ-Al2O3) is 25%, the amount of catalyst (relative to the mass of corn oil) is 5%, the reaction temperature is 55 ℃, the reaction time is 5h, (The molar ratio of methanol to corn oil) is 12: 1, the yield of biodiesel can reach more than 90%, indicating that the catalyst has high catalytic activity.