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脂质体无毒、无免疫原性,可与归巢装置如抗体,糖脂连接形成靶向脂质体,将其携载的基因特异地转入靶细胞。目前应用的脂质体有Lipofectin和用去污剂透析或反相蒸发制备的负电荷脂质体。在体外,脂质体作为基因载体可将各种基因有效地转化至细菌、真菌、植物原生质体和动物细胞;在体内,可将基因转入肝细胞,血管内皮细胞,神经组织和肺。外源性基因在体内外可瞬时或稳定表达。
Liposomes are non-toxic, non-immunogenic, and can be connected with homing devices such as antibodies and glycolipids to form targeted liposomes, and the genes carried by them are specifically transferred into target cells. Currently used liposomes are Lipofectin and negatively charged liposomes prepared by dialysis or reverse phase evaporation with a detergent. In vitro, liposomes, as gene vectors, efficiently transfect various genes into bacteria, fungi, plant protoplasts, and animal cells; in vivo, genes can be transferred into hepatocytes, vascular endothelial cells, neural tissues and lungs. Exogenous genes can be transiently or stably expressed in vitro and in vivo.