小麦是我省的主要作物,面积大、产量高,在整个农业生产中占有很大比重。小麦产量的高低对农业有很大影响。近几年小麦产量高而不稳,减产年份主要是减在小麦生长后期。后期的病害、虫害和自然灾害可造成千粒重下降3—5克,亩减产25—50公斤。在构成小麦产量的三个因素中,一般亩穗数、穗粒数变化都不大,变化最大的是干粒重。而影响千粒重的主要因素是病害(白粉病、锈病等)、虫害(麦蚜、麦叶蜂等)、自然灾害(干热风、老来雨等)。如何控制好小麦生长后期的病虫害和自然灾害,是夺取小麦高产的关键。在栽培措施上,如施肥应控制氮肥过量,以防止造成田间隋敞,对已发生病虫害的应及早除治,防止蔓延。 1991年全省小麦后期白粉病、蚜虫严 Wheat is the main crop in our province, with a large area and high yield, which accounts for a large proportion of the entire agricultural production. The level of wheat production has a great impact on agriculture. In recent years, the output of wheat is high and unstable, and the reduction in production is mainly reduced in the later stage of wheat growth. Later diseases, pests and natural disasters can cause 1000-grain weight decreased by 3-5 grams, 25-50 kg per mu reduction. Among the three factors that make up the wheat yield, the number of grains per acre and the number of grains per spike did not change much. The most significant change was dry weight. The main factors affecting grain weight are disease (powdery mildew, rust etc.), pest (wheat aphid, wheat leaf bees, etc.), natural disasters (dry hot air, old rain, etc.). How to control the pests and diseases and the natural disasters in the later stage of wheat growth is the key to the high yield of wheat. In the cultivation measures, such as fertilization should control excessive nitrogen, in order to prevent Sui open field, the occurrence of pests and diseases should be early rule, prevent the spread. In 1991 the province’s late wheat powdery mildew, aphid strict