1994～ 1 996年用 5个 K型小麦不育系与 7个恢复系进行不完全双列杂交 ,对杂交小麦灌浆特性的遗传及配合力进行研究。结果表明 :粒重遗传力较高 ,以加性效应为主 ,灌浆特性遗传力中等 ;粒重和灌浆特性都存在较明显的母体效应 ;粒重遗传符合加性—显性—上位性模型 ,其它灌浆特性参数符合加性—显性遗传模型 ;粒重和灌浆特性的配合力 ,亲本间存在显著或极显著差异 1994 to 1996 with five K-type wheat sterile lines and seven restorer lines of incomplete diallel cross, the hybrid wheat grain filling characteristics of the genetic and combining ability were studied. The results showed that: the heritability of grain weight was higher, the additive effect was the main effect, and the heritability of grain filling characteristics was medium. The grain weight and filling characteristics had obvious maternal effect. The grain weight heritability was in accordance with additive - dominance - epistasis model, The other parameters of grouting accord with additive-dominance genetic model; the combining ability of grain weight and grouting characteristics, significant or very significant difference between parents