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目前,肝癌仍然是全球范围内具有较高发病率及病死率的疾病,手术依旧是其最主要的治疗方法[1]。然而,因为肿瘤的一些特殊因素(如大小、位置、数量等)和肝脏自身的特殊因素(如肝硬化、肝功能不全、门静脉高压等),肝癌的手术治疗存在相当大的风险[2]。因此,为了使病人能够更安全的接受手术治疗,最大化的减少术后病死率和并发症的发生率,围手术期的管理就显得尤为重要。肝癌的围手术期处理以其阶段可划分为术前、术中和术后三部分。
Currently, liver cancer is still a worldwide disease with a high morbidity and mortality, and surgery remains the most important treatment [1]. However, surgical treatment of liver cancer presents a considerable risk because of some special factors (such as size, location, quantity, etc.) of the tumor and the liver's own special factors (such as cirrhosis, hepatic insufficiency, portal hypertension). Therefore, perioperative management is particularly important in order to enable patients to receive safer surgery and to minimize postoperative mortality and complications. Perioperative management of liver cancer in its stage can be divided into preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative three parts.