牛黄是贵重中药之一,有开窍化痰,解热镇痉的功能。常用于中风、解痉等临床急救。由于价格昂贵,常有伪造,以假乱真,危害人民的生命安全。今以眼、手、口、水、醋五感法对牛黄进行鉴别。介绍如下。一、目感:主要是凭经验通过眼看,抓住牛黄质疏松、颗粒粗、具层纹(同心层)这一特点以区分牛黄的真假。天然牛黄的形状有团个、卵粒、管状、也有片状和粉末状。颜色有乌金、黄褐、土黄、棕黄,并有暗有淡,有浅有深,差异很大。有的破碎颗粒,不一定显层纹,但外褐而内黄,有些则 Niuhuang is one of the most valuable traditional Chinese medicines. It has the functions of relieving phlegm and resolving phlegm and relieving heat. It is commonly used for clinical first aid such as stroke and spasm. Due to the high prices, there are often counterfeits that confuse people’s lives. Now we use eye, hand, mouth, water, and vinegar five senses to identify bezoar. Introduced as follows. First, the sense of the eye: mainly by experience through the eyes of the eye, seize the characteristics of loose, coarse grains, layered grain (concentric layer) to distinguish between true and false bezoar. The natural bezoar has a group of lumps, granules, tubes, flakes and powders. The colors are black gold, yellowish brown, yellowish brown, brownish yellow, dark and pale, shallow and deep, and vary greatly. Some broken granules are not necessarily stratified, but are brownish and yellowish inside, while others are