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采用连续气流密闭室法研究了江苏南部丘陵地区稻麦两熟农田施用尿素后的氨挥发损失及其年际变化。结果表明 ,不同年份间麦田的氨挥发量 (N)占施氮量的比例变化在 4 0 7%～ 14 8%之间。尿素作水稻基肥时 ,氨挥发量为1 77%～ 5 5 7% ,分蘖期为 10 7%～ 16 % ,而孕穗期为 5 3 %～ 8 6 %。无论是麦田还是稻田 ,施用尿素后 ,年际间氨挥发量相差显著。高温、长日照和低降雨量促进氨挥发。土壤水分含量对麦田的尿素氨挥发的作用可能大于温度对它的影响。稻田高郁闭度和尿素混入土壤均能明显减少氨挥发。
Ammonia volatilization loss and its interannual variability after Urea application in paddy field and wheat land in southern Jiangsu hilly region were studied by continuous airflow airtight chamber method. The results showed that the percentage of ammonia volatilization (N) in the wheat field varied from 40.7% to 14.8% in different years. When urea was used as basal fertilizer for rice, ammonia volatilization was 1 77% -57 57%, tillering stage was 10 7% -16%, and booting stage was 53% -86%. No matter in wheat field or paddy field, after application of urea, ammonia volatilization was significant difference between years. High temperatures, long sunshine and low rainfall promote ammonia volatilization. The effect of soil moisture content on the ammonia volatilization of urea from wheat fields may be greater than the effect of temperature on it. Rice paddy high density closed and urea mixed with soil can significantly reduce ammonia volatilization.