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集约化农业被推举为单位产品排放最小化的方法之一,并明显地促使正在进行的农业结构转变显得合理。我们选择了几个涵盖很大的环境和生产集约水平范围的奶牛场,通过计算氮总体排放因子(E:表示产品中每单位氮的总氮过剩量)来研究农业集约与氮耗散(dissipation)之间的关系。基本步骤如下:1)不同营养级(矿物质、动物、植物中)氮的差异;2)与所购买饲料有关的氮损失。研究结果表明,E值随奶牛场生产强度的增加而显著增大。将牲畜和作物部分分离开来各自实现最优化的惯例是可能原因。我们认为更粗放的农业,即:作物与牲畜生产再耦合,以及在减少生产的同时保持耕作,可减轻氮污染。
Intensified agriculture was cited as one of the ways to minimize emissions per unit of product and clearly contributed to the rationalization of the ongoing shift in agricultural structure. We chose several dairy farms that cover a wide range of environmental and production intensity levels and studied agricultural intensification and nitrogen dissipation by calculating the total nitrogen emission factor (E: total nitrogen excess per unit of nitrogen in the product) )The relationship between. The basic steps are as follows: 1) Differences in nitrogen at different trophic levels (minerals, animals, plants); 2) Nitrogen losses associated with purchased feed. The results showed that the E value increased significantly with the increase of dairy farm production intensity. Probably the most common practice of separating livestock and crop parts is a possible cause. We think the more extensive agriculture, that is, the re-coupling of crop and livestock production, and the reduction of production while maintaining farming can reduce nitrogen pollution.