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目的总结1999-2007年佛山市流感病毒流行情况,分析甲3亚型(H3N2)毒株流行与其HA1基因进化的关系。方法用MDCK细胞分离流感病毒,培养后血凝阳性者进行型别鉴定。随机抽取每年2～3株甲3亚型毒株的细胞培养物提取RNA后进行HA1基因的逆转录,对其核苷酸和氨基酸序列及亲缘关系进行分析。结果甲型和乙型流感病毒在佛山市人群中同时流行。甲型流感毒株是人群感染流感的主要型别。HA1区氨基酸序列与历年的流感疫苗推荐株相比,点突变率为0.3%～6.08%。发生替换的重要位点包括了抗原决定簇的17个位点、抗体结合部位的10个位点和1个糖基化位点。结论佛山市的甲1和甲3亚型流感毒株活动呈此起彼伏的优势株转换现象。甲3亚型新旧毒株交替迅速,大致按照毒株分离的年代聚类成进化树的不同小侧枝,表明新的流行株出现后可能迅速突破地域局限。提示地区实验室及时监测和研究流感毒株的发生和发展是流感监测网络建设的基础。
Objective To summarize the prevalence of influenza virus in Foshan from 1999 to 2007 and analyze the relationship between the prevalence of H3N2 strain and its HA1 gene evolution. Methods The influenza virus was isolated from MDCK cells, and the type of blood clots positive after culturing were identified. The RNA of HA1 gene was reverse transcribed from the cell culture of 2 to 3 strains of subtype A 3 each year after RNA extraction. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence and its relationship were analyzed. Results Influenza A and B were prevailing in Foshan population. Influenza A is the main type of flu in the population. The amino acid sequence of HA1 is 0.3% -6.08% of point mutation rate compared with the recommended strains of influenza vaccine over the years. Important sites for replacement include the 17 epitopes of the antigenic determinant, 10 sites of the antibody binding site and 1 glycosylation site. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza A 1 and A 3 subtype influenza strains in Foshan City showed the phenomenon of dominant strains switching one after another. The rapid and rapid alternation of the new and old strains of A 3 is roughly clustered into different small side branches of the evolutionary tree according to the age of isolation of the strains, indicating that the new epidemic strains may rapidly break through the geographical limitation after emergence. It is suggested that timely monitoring and research of the occurrence and development of influenza strains in regional laboratories will be the basis for the construction of influenza surveillance network.