化脓性脑膜炎(化脑)早期出现的症状诸如发热、纳少、呕吐、腹泻也可见于其他各系统疾病,尤易与呼吸道和消化道疾病相混淆。现将我们于1987年～1994年以来误诊的以腹泻并脱水为首发症状的12例分析如下。 临床资料 男8例,女4例;年龄最小6个月,最大1岁,平均8个月;秋季发病8例,春季4例。12例均误诊为急性肠炎并脱水,其中3例抽痉者误诊为维生素D缺乏性手足搐搦。临床表现除全部有腹泻、脱水及发热外,表现为神萎10例(83.3％),嗜睡8例(66.7％),烦燥7例(58.3％),面色苍白9例(75％),呕吐10例(83.3％),抽搐3例(25％),拒乳2例(16.7％),纳差10例(83.3％),昏迷2例,咳嗽 Purulent meningitis (brain) early symptoms such as fever, satisfied less, vomiting, diarrhea can also be found in other diseases, especially with respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases confused. Now we from 1987 to 1994 misdiagnosed diarrhea and dehydration as the first symptom of 12 cases are analyzed as follows. Clinical data of 8 males and 4 females; the youngest 6 months, a maximum of 1 year old, an average of 8 months; autumn onset in 8 cases, 4 cases in spring. 12 cases were misdiagnosed as acute enteritis and dehydration, 3 cases of spasmple misdiagnosed as vitamin D-deficient tetany. Clinical manifestations were as follows: 10 cases (83.3%), drowsiness 8 cases (66.7%), irritable dryness 7 cases (58.3%), pale 9 cases (75%), vomiting 10 cases (83.3%), convulsions in 3 cases (25%), rejection of milk in 2 cases (16.7%), anorexia in 10 cases (83.3%