目的探讨不同时期上机指征、呼吸机参数及呼吸管理在极低体重儿（ＶＬＢＷＩ）应用呼吸机时的治疗效果。方法对不同时期应用呼吸机治疗的ＶＬＢＷＩ发生动脉导管未闭（ＰＤＡ）、肺部感染、肺气压伤及预后进行比较。结果ＶＬＢＷＩ在呼吸机治疗时，肺部感染、气胸及病死率，在后期（１９９６年～１９９７年）较早期（１９９５年～１９９６年）均明显减少（Ｐ＜００５）。结论及时掌握早期上机指征是治疗成功的关键；关闭ＰＤＡ是缩短呼吸机治疗疗程的重要手段；继发性肺部感染是呼吸机治疗失败的主要原因 Objective To investigate the treatment effect of ventilator on VLBWI in different periods of upper hand indication, ventilator parameters and respiratory management. Methods The incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), pulmonary infection, pulmonary pressure injury and prognosis in VLBWI treated with ventilator in different periods were compared. Results During the treatment of ventilator, VLBWI showed a significant reduction in pulmonary infection, pneumothorax and mortality in the early period (1996-1997) (1995-1996) (P <005). Conclusion It is the key to the successful treatment to grasp the early indications on the machine. Close the PDA is an important means to shorten the course of the ventilator treatment. Secondary pulmonary infection is the main reason for the failure of ventilator treatment