1984年对广州市11所幼儿园的2301名2—6岁儿童进行了血压流行病学调查,并分析影响儿童血压分布的因素。根据调查结果计算血压平均值和标准差,绘制年龄血压百分位图,提出广州市学龄前儿童(2—6岁)的正常血压以115/75毫米汞柱为上限值。生长时期儿童的血压随年龄,体重和身高的增长而递升,体重经身高校正指标(Kg/M~2)更能体现体重和身高两个因素对血压的影响。调查的结果表明有高血压家族史儿童的血压偏高者检出率明显高于无家族史者。对血压偏高的儿童,特别是同时有高血压家族史者,应对其实行医学监察和保健措施指导,这对原发性高血压的预防有着重要意义。 In 1984, 2301 children 2-6 years of age in 11 kindergartens in Guangzhou were investigated for the prevalence of blood pressure and the factors affecting the distribution of blood pressure in children were analyzed. The mean and standard deviation of blood pressure were calculated according to the survey results. The age-specific blood pressure percentage was plotted. The normotensive blood pressure of preschool children (2-6 years old) in Guangzhou was 115/75 mm Hg. The blood pressure of children in the growing period increased with the increase of age, weight and height. The body weight corrected by height indicator (Kg / M ~ 2) could better reflect the effect of body weight and height on blood pressure. The survey results showed that children with a family history of hypertension had higher blood pressure detection rate was significantly higher than those without family history. For children with high blood pressure, especially those who have a family history of hypertension at the same time, they should be guided by medical supervision and health care measures, which is of great significance for the prevention of essential hypertension.