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共同体是马克思社会历史理论中最重要的概念之一,然而,马克思的共同体概念并非是惟一指向的,它具有多重含义,其中最为重要的是前现代社会一般意义上现实的共同体,它与家庭紧密相关;另外一种是虚幻的共同体——国家。结合对《路易斯·亨·摩尔根〈古代社会〉一书摘要》的分析表明,在马克思看来,在史前史阶段,社会历史发展的过程,就是实在的共同体解体和虚幻的共同体形成的过程。而且,在现代社会,真正与市民社会对立的共同体,恰恰是虚幻的共同体——国家。
Community is one of the most important concepts in Marx’s theory of social history. However, Marx’s concept of community is not the only one. It has multiple meanings. The most important one is the common community in the general sense of pre-modern society, which is close to the family Related; the other is the illusory community - the country. According to the analysis of the abstract of Louis Heng Moergen, a book shows that in the stage of prehistory, in the prehistory stage, the process of the development of social history is the process of the formation of the real community and the illusory community. Moreover, in modern society, the real community that confronts civil society is precisely the illusory community - the state.