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目的：探讨ｐ１６蛋白在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用抗ｐ１６抑癌基因的表达产物ｐ１６蛋白的单克隆抗体对５０份子宫内膜癌常规石蜡标本进行ｐ１６蛋白的免疫组化测定。结果：ｐ１６蛋白的表达广泛见于正常子宫内膜腺体、平滑肌和部分病例的癌组织中，阳性部位主要在细胞浆内。ｐ１６蛋白在子宫内膜癌表达的阳性率仅为４８．００％（２４／５０），其表达与子宫内膜癌的细胞分级、转移及患者预后有关（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｐ１６蛋白阴性者子宫内膜癌细胞分化程度低，易转移，患者预后差。结论：ｐ１６蛋白作为细胞周期的反向调节因子具有抑制细胞增殖的作用，ｐ１６抑癌基因的突变或缺失导致ｐ１６蛋白合成障碍，可引起细胞无限制性生长，即恶变。对子宫内膜癌中ｐ１６蛋白表达的测定有助于确定肿瘤的细胞分化程度，判断其侵蚀、转移的能力，并估计患者的预后。
Objective: To investigate the expression of p16 protein in endometrial carcinoma and its clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry of p16 protein was performed on 50 paraffin-embedded specimens of endometrial carcinoma using monoclonal antibody against the p16 protein of p16 tumor suppressor gene. Results: The expression of p16 protein was found in normal endometrial gland, smooth muscle and in some cases of cancerous tissues. The positive sites were mainly in cytoplasm. The positive rate of p16 protein expression in endometrial carcinoma was only 48.00% (24/50). The expression of p16 protein was correlated with the cell grade, metastasis and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (P <0.05), while p16 protein was negative Endometrial cancer cell differentiation is low, easy to transfer, poor prognosis. CONCLUSION: The p16 protein acts as an inverse regulator of the cell cycle to inhibit cell proliferation. Mutations or deletions of the p16 suppressor gene lead to the disorder of p16 protein synthesis and cause unrestricted cell growth, ie, malignant transformation. The determination of p16 protein expression in endometrial cancer helps to determine the extent of tumor cell differentiation, its ability to erode and metastasize, and to estimate the patient’s prognosis.