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水文地质勘探中,作抽水试验主要是测定岩石的透水性。在其他情况下亦利用抽水来测定钻孔涌水量的大小,以便利用地下水作为饮用、灌溉和工业供水来源;有时为了确定建筑物基础施工时基坑地下水可能的流入量,则要进行工程地质用的抽水试验。而作为大型建筑物基础的岩层,多为致密坚硬透水性弱的岩层(石灰岩溶洞水除外),所以不能利用机械抽水机作抽水试验。像三门峡坝基为致密坚硬的闪长玢岩,其裂隙水的水量很小,我们采用了沉降管抽水试验方法。经试验证明,此种方法得出的水文地质资料均很正确,现将其方法略述如下。
In hydrogeological exploration, the pumping test is mainly to determine the permeability of rocks. In other cases, pumping is also used to determine the amount of water inrush from the borehole in order to use groundwater as a source of drinking water, irrigation and industrial water supply; sometimes, in order to determine the possible inflow of groundwater into the foundation pit during construction of the building, engineering geology Pumping test. Rock formations, which are the foundation of large buildings, are mostly rock formations (except limestone cave water) with a dense and hard water permeability. Therefore, mechanical pumping can not be used for pumping tests. Like the Sanmenxia dam foundation is dense and hard diorite rock, the water volume of fissure water is very small, we use the subsidence pipe pumping test method. The test proved that the hydrogeological data obtained by this method are correct, the method is now outlined below.