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S变换是近年来发展起来的一种具有高时频分辨率的信号处理方法,它的时频分辨率与信号的频率有关,反变换简单,基本小波不必满足容许性条件,并且不存在交叉项.广义S变换弥补了S变换的一些不足,具有更高的频率聚集能力.本文总结了实际应用中具有代表性的几种广义S变换类型,并结合实例从4方面内容综述了S变换在地震资料处理中的应用:应用S变换和广义S变换在时频域滤波去噪以提高信噪比,压制面波和拾取初至波;通过检测频率和振幅等地震波属性信息研究地层中地质体和精细构造,提高地震波的主频进行地震高分辨分析;进行地层吸收衰减补偿和地层品质因子Q值的求取;以及瑞利面波频散分析和面波频散曲线的提取.本文介绍的结果及其他很多应用均表明S变换和广义S变换是地震资料处理中的一个有效手段.但是,目前S变换多应用于勘探地震学中,我们在文章最后分析展望了S变换在天然地震学中的潜在应用.
S transform is a signal processing method developed in recent years with high time-frequency resolution. Its time-frequency resolution is related to the frequency of the signal. The inverse transform is simple. The basic wavelet need not satisfy the admissibility condition, and there is no cross term .Generalized S transform makes up for some shortcomings of S transform and has a higher ability of frequency aggregation.This paper summarizes several representative types of generalized S transform in practical application, and summarizes the S transform from four aspects Data processing applications: the application of S-transform and generalized S transform in the time-frequency domain filtering denoise to improve the signal to noise ratio, suppression of surface wave and pick up the first arrival wave; by detecting the frequency and amplitude of seismic wave attributes such as information on the geological and Fine structure and high frequency of seismic wave for high-resolution seismic analysis; strata absorption and attenuation compensation and formation quality factor Q value; and Rayleigh surface wave dispersion analysis and surface wave dispersion curve extraction results described in this article And many other applications show that S-transform and generalized S-transform are effective methods in seismic data processing.However, the current S-transform is mostly used in the exploration of seismology, The last chapter analyzes the outlook of potential applications in the S transform natural seismology.