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目的:了解西宁地区儿童泌尿系感染致病菌和耐药性的变化。方法:分析2009年1月—2011年12月住院治疗的360例尿培养阳性的泌尿系感染患儿的致病菌分布及其对抗生素的敏感性。结果:尿培养中分离出排前3位的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌(28.89%)、屎肠球菌(16.67%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(10.56%)。大肠埃希菌对头孢他啶、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星、美洛培南及呋喃妥因较敏感,屎肠球菌对万古霉素、呋喃妥因较敏感。结论:大肠埃希菌为本地区泌尿系感染的主要病原菌,其次为屎肠球菌,以往用于治疗泌尿系感染的常用药物如氨苄西林、庆大霉素等已产生较高的耐药性,因此,临床医师应重视病原菌检测及药敏试验,为准确诊断及合理使用抗生素提供依据。
Objective: To understand the changes of urinary tract infection pathogens and drug resistance in children in Xining area. Methods: The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and their sensitivity to antibiotics in 360 urinary-positive urinary tract infections in hospital from January 2009 to December 2011 were analyzed. Results: The top three pathogens in urine culture were Escherichia coli (28.89%), Enterococcus faecium (16.67%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10.56%). Escherichia coli is more sensitive to ceftazidime, piperacillin / tazobactam, amikacin, meropenem and nitrofurantoin, and Enterococcus faecium is more sensitive to vancomycin and nitrofurantoin. Conclusion: Escherichia coli is the main pathogen of urinary tract infection in this area, followed by Enterococcus faecium. The commonly used drugs such as ampicillin and gentamicin used in the treatment of urinary tract infection have produced high resistance, Therefore, clinicians should attach importance to the detection of pathogenic bacteria and drug susceptibility tests to provide a basis for accurate diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics.