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心理对照是指个体通过将目标实现以后的收获与现实中可能遇到的障碍相对照,进而增加成功期望水平与目标追寻行为之间联系强度的自我调节策略。其作用机制在于改变了未来梦想情境和现实障碍的认知联系,提高了实现目标的动机,改变了遇到困境时的反应。心理对照策略能促进健康、学业等领域的目标达成。未来研究应该在自发心理对照策略的使用情况、心理对照策略的内容特征对目标达成的影响、心理对照策略效果的文化差异等方面进一步深入。
Psychological control refers to the individual self-adjustment strategy that increases the strength of the connection between the expected level of success and the goal-seeking behavior by contrasting the gains after the goal is achieved with the obstacles that may be encountered in reality. Its mechanism of action is to change the cognitive relationship between the future dream situation and the practical obstacle, improve the motivation to achieve the goal, and change the response to the difficulties encountered. Psychological control strategy to promote health, academic and other fields to achieve the goal. Future research should further explore the use of spontaneous psychological control strategies, the impact of the content characteristics of psychological control strategies on goals, and the cultural differences in psychological control strategies.