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环氧化酶(cyclooxygenase,COX)又称前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶,是前列腺素合成过程中一个主要的限速酶,可将花生四烯酸代谢成各种前列腺素产物,从而参与机体的多种病理生理过程。目前发现哺乳动物COX至少有两种同工酶,即COX-1和COX-2。COX-1是一种组成式表达酶,在大多数组织中均有表达,参与维持机体正常的生理功能,如保护胃黏膜、调整肾脏血流和控制血小板聚集等。COX-2是诱导型酶,COX-2除参与炎性反应外,还参与多种肿瘤细胞增生、抗凋亡和促进血管生成等,近年来的研究发现,COX-2参与了多数恶性肿瘤,尤其是胃肠道恶性肿瘤
Cyclooxygenase (COX), also known as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase, is a major rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis that metabolizes arachidonic acid into various prostaglandin products and thus participates in the body A variety of pathophysiological processes. It has now been found that mammalian COX has at least two isozymes, COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is a constitutive expression enzyme that is expressed in most tissues and participates in maintaining normal physiological functions of the body, such as protecting gastric mucosa, regulating renal blood flow and controlling platelet aggregation. COX-2 is an inducible enzyme. COX-2 participates in many kinds of tumor cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis except for being involved in inflammatory reaction. In recent years, COX-2 has been involved in many malignant tumors, Especially gastrointestinal cancer