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小儿因解剖生理、免疫生物学和年龄的特点,对结核感染的反应与成人不同,主要是发病急,进展快,有全身扩散倾向。年龄越小,反应越剧烈,粟粒型结核、结核性脑膜炎、肺外结核多见于小儿。如早期发现,及时治疗,可以防止扩散,改善预后。但早期诊断较成人困难,此因儿童结核病的主要类型原发性结核的特点:一、结核菌侵入人体后,在结核菌素(以下简称结素)试验尚未阳转,临床和X 线也无征象可见时,已循环于血行,散布到全身;二、结核病常隐匿发生,从潜伏期到出现症状时间长短不一,有的终生不出现,有的长期潜
Pediatric anatomy and physiology, immunobiology and age characteristics, the response to tuberculosis and adults are different, mainly acute onset, rapid progress, the tendency to spread throughout the body. The younger, the reaction is more intense, miliary tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis more common in children. Such as early detection, timely treatment, to prevent proliferation, improve prognosis. However, the early diagnosis of adult more difficult because of the main types of tuberculosis in children with primary tuberculosis characteristics: First, the TB invade the human body, in the tuberculin (hereinafter referred to as catenin) test has not been positive, clinical and X-ray Signs can be seen, has been circulating in blood, spread to the body; Second, tuberculosis often occult, from the incubation period to symptoms of varying lengths of time, and some life-long does not appear, and some long-term potential