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以吐鲁番—哈密盆地燕山期、喜马拉雅期区域构造应力场和构造展布特点分析为基础,以轴面成图为基础的构造趋势分析技术为手段,通过三维空间构造模拟认为吐鲁番坳陷沉积盖层发育EW向展布的3排弧形构造带构成的隐伏巨型弧形构造体系。模拟研究认为,以盆地中部应力突破带为东西方向对称中心,依附于3大主力生烃洼陷(胜北洼陷、丘东洼陷、小草湖洼陷)发育的巨型弧形构造体系东西两侧的油气地质特征具有一定的可比性和对称性。盆地现今构造东西分段、南北分带的特征明显,区域与局部应力场变化是吐鲁番坳陷弧形构造体系形成且具有东西分段、南北分带构造特征的主要原因。由于燕山中晚期到喜马拉雅期博格达山由北向南的冲断推覆,在盆地内发育大规模由北向南的层间差异滑脱推覆构造,弧形构造带西段以NW向展布为主,东段以NE向展布为主,应力的左旋、右旋特征形成了平面构造格局的“弧形”展布并在盆地内部形成3排弧形构造带。近EW向发育的具有挤压性质的断层构成构造圈闭的良好封堵要素,SN向发育的具有走滑性质的平移断层因沟通中下侏罗统水西沟群烃源岩而构成圈闭的良好输导条件。隐伏巨型弧形构造体系的提出在很大程度上改变了对吐鲁番—哈密盆地整体构造格局的认识,依据弧形构造体系东西两侧的可比性和对称性及弧形构造体系本身的构造特点,对进一步扩展吐鲁番坳陷油气勘探领域具有重要的指导意义。
Based on the analysis of the tectonic stress field and tectonic distribution in the Yanshanian and Himalayan regions of the Turpan-Hami basin and the tectonic trend analysis technique based on axial mapping, the sedimentary cover of the Turpan Depression Development of the EW to the distribution of three rows of curved structural belt consisting of concealed giant arc structure system. According to the simulation study, taking the stress break-through zone in the central part of the basin as the east-west symmetry center, it is attached to the giant arc structural system developed in the three main hydrocarbon generating sags (Shengbei Sag, Qiu Dong Sag and Xiaochuhu Sag) Geological characteristics of oil and gas on both sides have certain comparability and symmetry. Nowadays, the basin is characterized by subdivision of the east and west parts of the basin. The characteristics of the north-south subzone are obvious. The regional and local stress field changes are the main reason for the formation of the arc-shaped tectonic system in the Turpan Depression with structural features of the east-west section and the north-south subtropical zone. Due to the thrust-thrusting of the Bogda Mountains from north to south in the middle and late Yanshanian to the Himalayan, large-scale inter-strata differential detachment nappe structures are developed in the basin from north to south. The western part of the arc structure belt is NW- The main and eastern segments are dominated by NE spreading, and the left-handed and right-handed features of stress form the “arc” distribution of planar structure and form three rows of arc structural zones within the basin. Faults with compressive properties developed in the near EW form a good sealing element for structural traps. The strike-slip nature of the transgressive fault developed in the SN direction traps the source rocks of the Middle-West Jurassic Shui Xigou Group Good guiding conditions. Concealed giant arc structure system proposed to a great extent changed the understanding of the Turpan-Hami basin overall structure pattern. Based on the comparability and symmetry of both sides of the arc structure system and the structural features of the arc structure system itself, It has important guiding significance for further expanding oil and gas exploration in Turpan Depression.