今后十年间,免疫学对于我们了解神经系统和临床神经病学会作出越来越多的贡献。在基础神经生物学方面已经显示出它与日俱增的影响。几年来、已经能应用识别细胞表面或细胞浆内细胞特异性抗原的荧光素标记或罗丹明标记的抗血清在组织培养中鉴别出主要的神经细胞类型。正如知道某个人名字是一种有力的心理学武器一样,能从少突胶质细胞、雪旺细胞或纤维母细胞中区别出神经细胞的能力也是一种有效的研究手段。目前已能制备特殊细胞类型的纯培养物。能在使一种细胞系生长而抑制另一种细胞系生长的条件下进行培养、即利用相应的抗血清和补体溶解掉不需要的污染细胞。这种纯细胞系可用来研究它本身的细胞生物学和它同其它细胞间的相互作用。已经制备出一些似乎能识别动物和少数人神经肿瘤的新抗原(正常情况下、成熟细胞不显示的抗原)的抗血清。这方面的进一步研究,将有助于人类胶质瘤的分类,并可能使目前试行的免疫疗法更令人满意。 In the next decade, immunology will make an increasing contribution to our understanding of the nervous system and clinical neurology. It has shown its increasing impact on basic neurobiology. For several years, predominant types of neural cells have been identified in tissue culture using fluorescein-labeled or rhodamine-labeled antisera that recognize cell-specific antigens on cell surfaces or cytoplasm. Just as knowing someone’s name is a powerful psychology weapon, the ability to differentiate nerve cells from oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, or fibroblasts is also an effective means of research. Pure cultures of special cell types have now been prepared. It is possible to cultivate a cell line while inhibiting the growth of another cell line by dissolving the unwanted contaminated cells with the corresponding antisera and complement. This pure cell line can be used to study its own cell biology and its interaction with other cells. Antisera have emerged as new antigens that appear to recognize animals and minority neuronal tumors (antigens normally not shown by mature cells). Further research in this area will contribute to the classification of human gliomas and may make the current trial of immunotherapy more satisfactory.