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TNF家族的成员有:TNFα,FasL/CD 95L/ApolL,TRAIL/Apo2L和TWEAK/DR3L/Apo3L。这些配体是Ⅱ型膜蛋白,其C末端暴露在细胞外。活性死亡配体为三聚体,与膜表面与之有相互关系的受体结合并通过诱导相应受体的三聚作用将其激活,细胞内区域包括“死亡功能结构区域”,为诱导凋亡所必需的。通过各自死亡功能区的相互作用,激活死亡受体恢复死亡功能域活性配器连接物分子,使得启动因子caspase(caspase-8或10)恢复功能。这些反应即引发激活caspase的级联反应,继而激活死亡执行caspase(caspase-3,6,7)最后,细胞死亡。
Members of the TNF family are: TNFα, FasL / CD 95L / ApolL, TRAIL / Apo2L and TWEAK / DR3L / Apo3L. These ligands are type II membrane proteins whose C-terminus is exposed extracellularly. The active death ligand is a trimer that binds to receptors on the membrane surface and interacts with them and activates them by inducing trimerization of the corresponding receptors. The intracellular domain includes the “functional domain of death” and serves to induce apoptosis Necessary. Activation of death receptors by the interaction of their respective death functional domains restores the death domain activator adapter molecules, enabling the recovery of caspase (caspase-8 or 10). These reactions trigger a cascade of caspases, which in turn activate the death caspase (caspase-3, 6, 7), which ultimately leads to cell death.