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随着现代科学技术的发展,作为控制论中的一个重要分支——卡尔曼滤波技术已透渗到许多科技领域.在水文预报中运用卡尔曼滤波进行实时预报,已经获得了一定的成功,尤其随着计算机的广泛应用,洪水调度及预报正朝着连续化、自动化方向发展,滤波技术应用于水文预报是这一发展成果的产物.人们从受到随机因素干扰的局部实测资料出发,借助于计算机,建立一个系统的数学模型,以此来推断当时或以后一段时间系统状态的变化规律.由于卡尔曼滤波具有最小方差、无偏估计等性质,又采用了线性递推的形式,且具有时变的多维输入输出,因而它是最优线性滤波技术.
With the development of modern science and technology, as an important branch of cybernetics, Kalman filtering has penetrated into many fields of science and technology. The use of Kalman filtering in hydrological forecasting has gained some success, especially With the extensive application of computers, flood regulation and forecast are moving in the direction of continuous development and automation, and the application of filtering technology in hydrological forecasting is the product of this development.People start from the local measured data which is disturbed by random factors, , And establish a systematic mathematical model to infer the variation of the system state at that time or later.As the Kalman filter has the properties of minimum variance, unbiased estimation and so on, it adopts the form of linear recursion, Of multi-dimensional input and output, so it is the optimal linear filtering technology.