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(一)回顾劳动价值论的思想源头。众所周知、劳动价值论经过了几百年的发展。在马克思之前,其 思想的影子最早可溯源至古罗马时期,在前古典时期的有关价值和劳动价值的论述中最有影响的就是阿圭那的“公平价格”理论。在古典时期,威廉·配第、亚当·斯密和大卫·李嘉图都对劳动价值论作出了不可磨灭的贡献。但由于不能认识到劳动的两重性,他们的理论不尽完善,如斯密教条及价值定义的二元性等。此外,古典政治经济学的集大成者大卫·李嘉图也遇到两大矛盾。他本人及其后继者都无法逾越。在穆勒等马克思斥之为庸俗经济学家的修修补补和马尔萨斯等人的攻击下,使得其理论体系最终宣告瓦解。
(A) review the ideological origin of labor theory of value. As we all know, labor theory of value goes through several hundred years of development. Before Marx, the shadow of his ideas could be traced back to ancient Rome as early as the earliest. Argumenta’s “fair price” theory was most influential in the pre-classical discussion on value and labor value. In the classical period William Fitti, Adam Smith and David Ricardo made an indelible contribution to labor theory of value. However, due to the inability to recognize the dual nature of labor, their theories are not perfect, such as the doctrine of Smits and the duality of the definition of value. In addition, David Ricardo, the master of classical political economy, also encountered two major contradictions. He and his successors are insurmountable. Under the attack of Muller and other Marx who repudiated the repair of vulgar economists and Malthus et al, the theoretical system finally broke down.