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目的:探讨载脂蛋白AⅣ(apolipoprotein AⅣ,Apo AⅣ)在早孕期小鼠和妊娠期女性不同时期的表达规律,初步分析其在早孕期小鼠胚胎着床和蜕膜化过程中的作用。方法:将84只购于重庆医科大学实验动物中心的雌性昆明小鼠随机分成2组,真孕组(42只)为正常雌鼠与正常雄鼠交配,假孕组(42只)为正常雌鼠与结扎后的雄鼠交配,应用ELISA方法分别分析早孕期真孕组和假孕组小鼠孕1天~7天(d1~d7)血清中Apo AⅣ和高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)的表达量;将重庆医科大学附属第一医院产前诊断中心提供的70例孕妇血清按照孕周的不同分为孕早期12周(15例)、13周(15例)和孕中期15~18周(每组各10例)组,分别检查血清中Apo AⅣ和HDL的表达量;利用免疫组化法,分析Apo AⅣ在孕d1、d5、d6、d7子宫内膜中的表达情况。结果:Apo AⅣ和HDL在早孕期小鼠真孕组血清中孕d1~d7随着妊娠天数的增加,其表达量逐渐升高,孕d2~d7分别与孕d1相比具有统计学差异(P<0.01),而在假孕组中并无明显的变化(P>0.05);Apo AⅣ和HDL在早、中孕期女性血清中的表达量随着妊娠周数的增加其升高趋势也逐渐加强,孕12周血清中Apo AⅣ和HDL的表达量分别都明显低于后面的孕周(P=0.000);通过免疫组化结果显示,Apo AⅣ在孕d1的腺上皮有轻微的表达,而在孕d5、d6具有广泛表达且在孕d7初级蜕膜区表达明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:早孕期小鼠血清中的Apo AⅣ表达量可能与胚胎发育和子宫内膜基质细胞的蜕膜化进程相关。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of apolipoprotein AⅣ (Apo AⅣ) in different stages of the first trimester of pregnancy and female mice, and to analyze the role of apolipoprotein A Ⅳ in early embryo implantation and decidualization. Methods: Eighty - four female Kunming mice purchased from the Laboratory Animal Center of Chongqing Medical University were randomly divided into two groups. The pregnant group (42) was normal female mice and the normal male mice were mating. The pseudo - pregnant group (42) Mice were mated with male rats after ligation, and serum levels of Apo AⅣ and high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the first trimester pregnancy pregnant women and the pseudo-pregnant pregnant mice were detected respectively by means of ELISA from 1 day to 7 days (d1 ~ d7) HDL). The sera of 70 pregnant women provided by the prenatal diagnosis center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were divided into 12 weeks (15 cases), 13 weeks (15 cases) and 15 gestational weeks The expression of Apo A Ⅳ and HDL in serum was detected by immunohistochemical method. The expression of Apo A Ⅳ in endometrium of pregnant women on d 1, d 5, d 6, d 7 pregnancy was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results: The serum levels of Apo A Ⅳ and HDL in the pregnant pregnant mice of the first trimester of pregnancy increased gradually with the increase of the number of gestational days, and the expression of Apo A Ⅳ and HDL increased gradually from the first trimester of pregnancy to the second trimester of pregnancy (P <0.01), but there was no significant change in the pregnancy group (P> 0.05). The expression of Apo AⅣ and HDL in the serum of women with early and middle gestational age gradually increased with the number of gestational weeks , The expression levels of Apo AⅣ and HDL in serum at 12 weeks of gestation were significantly lower than those at the following gestational weeks (P = 0.000). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Apo AⅣ was mild in the glandular epithelium of pregnant rats, Pregnant d5 and d6 were widely expressed and their expression was significantly decreased in the primary decidua of pregnancy d7 (P <0.05). Conclusion: The expression level of Apo A Ⅳ in the serum of early pregnant mice may be related to the process of embryonic development and the process of decidualization of endometrial stromal cells.