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一、概述我矿是大型地下矿山之一,在采用无底柱分段崩落采矿法中,由于矿石结构疏松,呈粉状和碎块状,节理发育,硬度及抗压强度较低,稳定性差,故在该种条件下进行中深孔爆破,装药方法是很值得研究的关键问题之一。过去我矿采用人工装药,因为矿石结构疏松,炮孔孔壁不光滑,有时因掉小碎渣堵塞炮孔,加之炮孔较深,很难将药卷装到孔底,不仅劳动强度大,效率低,而且装药密度小,所以采场中深孔爆破效果很差,经常出现“悬顶”(“鸡窝”)现象,大量矿石丢失,回采率低达60％左右,造成国家资源的浪费。
I. Overview Mine is one of the large underground mines. In the mining method with subsidence-free subsidence method, due to the loose ore structure, the powder is ore-like and fragmented, the joints develop, the hardness and compressive strength are low, and the stability is poor , So in this kind of conditions for deep-hole blasting, charging method is very worth studying one of the key issues. In the past, I use artificial mining, because the loose ore structure, the hole wall is not smooth, and sometimes because of small debris plugging the hole, combined with the hole deeper, it is difficult to package the drug to the bottom of the hole, not only labor-intensive , Low efficiency and low charge density, so the deep hole blasting in the stope has very poor effect, often resulting in the phenomenon of “hanging roof” (“chicken nest”), large amount of ore is lost and the recovery rate is as low as 60% Waste.