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目的通过应用风险识别与评估方法,预测北京奥运会期间病媒生物危害与相关疾病发生的风险指数,及时采取应对措施,有效降低病媒生物带来的危害,避免媒介生物性传染病的发生或流行。方法通过综合分析风险性事件发生的概率和事件发生后造成的后果,对风险进行分级。首先,通过文献综述、经验分析法、头脑风暴及专家咨询法等确定风险类别,形成风险列表;然后,通过风险评价指数矩阵法综合判断风险的严重程度,并为风险排序提供统一的标准。结果北京奥运会期间存在媒介生物性传染病发生和病媒生物造成骚扰的危险。病媒生物引起的公共卫生事件(叮咬、骚扰等)及影响观瞻和环境卫生情况很可能发生,咬坏电缆、破坏电力设施的事件则比较罕见;病媒生物引起的公共卫生事件的严重程度可归纳为:咬坏电缆、破坏电力设施的事件为中等危害,叮咬、骚扰和影响观瞻、环境卫生情况危害则较小。结论通过科学地识别和评估病媒生物可能带来的危害风险、全面监测、综合防制、科学用药、组建应急队伍和推广先进技术等措施,确保实现北京奥运会无重大病媒生物危害事件发生的控制目标。
OBJECTIVE: To predict the risk index of vector biohazards and related diseases during the Beijing Olympic Games by adopting the method of risk identification and assessment, and take timely countermeasures to reduce the harm caused by vector vectors and avoid the occurrence or prevalence of vector borne diseases . The method classifies the risk by comprehensively analyzing the probability of occurrence of the risk event and the consequence after the event. First, the risk categories are identified through literature review, empirical analysis, brainstorming and expert consultation, and the risk list is formed. Then, the risk severity is judged synthetically by the matrix of risk assessment index, and a uniform standard is provided for risk ranking. As a result, there was a risk of vector-borne diseases and vector-borne harassment during the Beijing Olympics. Public health events (bites, harassment, etc.) caused by vector organisms and their impact on observing and sanitation are likely to occur. Cases of biting cables and destroying power facilities are rare. The severity of public health events caused by vector organisms may be Summarized as: bites damage to the cable, destruction of power facilities, the incident was moderate, biting, harassment and impact of view, the less hazardous environmental sanitation. Conclusion By means of scientifically identifying and assessing the possible risks of vector biogenesis, comprehensive monitoring, comprehensive prevention and control, scientific medication, setting up of emergency teams and promotion of advanced technologies, etc., we can ensure that there is no significant bio-hazard event in the Beijing Olympic Games Control objectives.