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本文对橡胶实生树及幼态芽接树不同茎干部位、不同树龄的胶乳进行同工酶测定,研究了橡胶树发育阶段变化的年龄、部位及其对无性系后代产量、生势的影响。结果表明:在4龄以前的实生树或幼态芽接树树冠枝条上取芽接成的芽接树都是幼态无性系;在6龄树树冠枝条上取芽接成的芽接树都是老态无性系;5龄树属过渡阶段,取其树冠枝条芽接成的芽接树的特性因品系不同而异,有的已进入老态,有的仍保持幼态无性系的特性;成龄实生树或幼态芽接树的树干,在离地或离接合点100厘米以下部位属幼态发育阶段,150厘米以上部位则进入老态阶段,100～150厘米处可能是过渡区;在2龄实生苗不同高度茎干上取芽接成的芽接树的产量没有差异;6龄实生树,在离地50厘米处取芽接成的芽接树(幼态)的,5年平均产量和生长量,分别比在离地300～400厘米处取芽接成的芽接树(老态)的高53.87％和大24％。低部位取芽接成的无性系(幼态)在产量和生势上均优于在高部位取芽接成的无性系。
In this paper, isozymes of rubber tree and juvenile budding tree in different parts of stem and different ages were measured. The age and location of rubber tree growth and its effects on yield and vigor of clones were studied. The results showed that the budding trees which were taken from the shoots of the 4-year-old tree or juvenile budding tree branches were young clonal clones. The budding trees on the 6th tree crown branches were the climax of the old clonal ; 5-year-old tree transition stage, take the crown branch buds into the budding tree characteristics vary with different strains, and some have entered the old state, and some still maintain the characteristics of juvenile clones; mature or young adult tree juvenile Bud tree tree trunk, in the ground or from the junction of 100 cm below the site is a stage of juvenile development, 150 cm above the site into the stage of the old, 100 to 150 cm may be the transition zone; 2-year-old seedlings of different height stems There was no difference in the yield of the budding tree when the buds were picked from the buds. The 6-year-old tree, budding tree (juvenile) with budding of 50 cm from the ground, had a 5-year average yield and growth, ~ 400 cm take buds into budding tree (old state) high 53.87% and 24%. The clones in which the lower part took the bud into the trunk (young state) were better than the clones which took the bud from the high part in terms of yield and vigor.