论文部分内容阅读
肝癌是严重威胁我国人民生命健康的重大疾病。近年来，肝癌的临床诊治及创新研究取得了令人瞩目的进展。新型血清标志物的发现和转化应用，包括蛋白、miRNA以及外周血循环游离DNA甲基化等，促进了肝癌的早诊早治。影像学以及计算机技术的进步，为精准肝脏外科的实现创造了便利条件。靶向与免疫治疗的进步，将为肝癌的精准治疗提供更多的手段。借助于基因组、转录组、蛋白组、代谢组等多组学技术，对肝癌发生和发展机制及其基因表型特征的认识越来越深入。单细胞、基因编辑、药物开发等技术的进步，使得肝癌创新研究的思路和方法越来越开阔。肝癌是一种复杂而难治的恶性肿瘤，通过不断揭示其恶性生物学行为的真正本质，进一步探寻制癌之道，从而助力肝癌精准治疗，使患者生存获益。“,”Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a fatal malignancy, is highly prevalent in China. Recently, tremendous achievements have been made in HCC, both in the clinical management and the understanding of cancer biology. The discovery and application of novel serum biomarkers, such as proteins, miRNAs, and cfDNA (cell-free circulating DNA) methylation will facilitate the early management of HCC. Improvements in radiological and computational technology have made the practice of precision liver surgery a true reality. The emergence of novel molecular targeted therapies, immunotherapy and their combinations has significantly prolonged patient survival rate, but the therapeutic breakthroughs are still needed. Integrated multi-omics analysis has broadened our understanding of HCC pathogenesis, providing an unprecedented molecular characterization of HCC and revealing new therapeutic opportunities. Technological innovations and revolutions such as single-cell sequencing, genome editing, and innovative drug research and development will greatly accelerate our understanding of HCC biology and bring new therapeutic opportunities. Nevertheless, HCC is a highly heterogeneous and treatment-refractory malignancy, therefore deep insights into the biology of the disease and novel therapies for HCC remain an unmet medical need.