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目的分析合山市手足口病的病原学特征和流行趋势,为手足口病的预防和控制提供依据。方法采集哨点医院临床诊断为手足口病患儿的肛拭子,采用实时定量荧光PCR(real-time PCR)方法对手足口病肠道病毒核酸进行检测。结果 2011年-2012年共检测患儿标本254份,检出人体肠道病毒核酸阳性216份,总阳性率为85.04%,其中EV71核酸阳性144份,占56.69%;Cox A16核酸阳性18份,占7.09%;其他EV-U核酸阳性54份,占21.26%。阳性标本中男女比例为2.1∶1;发病较高的月份为9月-12月。散居儿童发病率高于幼托机构儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。结论 2011年-2012年合山市手足口病患儿的肠道病毒主要为EV71,是引起重症手足口病的主要病原体。1岁~3岁儿童发病率最高,发病高峰期为秋季和冬季。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics and epidemiological trends of HFMD in He Shan City and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The anal swabs in clinically diagnosed HFMD in sentinel hospital were collected and real-time quantitative PCR (real-time PCR) was used to detect enterovirus RNA in hand-foot-mouth disease. Results A total of 254 positive samples of human enterovirus DNA were detected in 254 samples from 2011 to 2012, with a total positive rate of 85.04%, of which 144 were positive for EV71, accounting for 56.69%; 18 were positive for Cox A16, Accounting for 7.09%; other EV-U nucleic acid positive 54, accounting for 21.26%. Male to female ratio of positive samples was 2.1: 1; the higher incidence of the month for September-December. The incidence of diaspora was higher than that of children in kindergartens, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.005). Conclusions From 2011 to 2012, the enterovirus in HFMD patients in Heshan City was mainly EV71, which was the major cause of severe HFMD. 1-year-old to 3-year-old children the highest incidence of peak incidence of autumn and winter.