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本文采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法，分析研究了ＳＤ大鼠胚胎及成年雌大鼠心、肾和肝组织的乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）同工酶谱和分布。结果表明，大鼠胚胎期ＬＤＨ同工酶以ＬＤＨ５含量最高，ＬＤＨ１含量最低。其同工酶活性顺序为ＬＤＨ５＞ＬＤＨ４＞ＬＤＨ３＞ＬＤＨ２＞ＬＤＨ１。而成年雌大鼠心肌以ＬＤＨ２含量最高，ＬＤＨ１次之，ＬＤＨ５最低；其同工酶活性顺序为ＬＤＨ２＞ＬＤＨ１＞ＬＤＨ３＞ＬＤＨ４＞ＬＤＨ５；肾组织同工酶活性顺序为ＬＤＨ１＞ＬＤＨ２＞ＬＤＨ３＞ＬＤＨ４＞ＬＤＨ５，肝组织的ＬＤＨ同工酶主要为ＬＤＨ５，占８３．７％。实验证明ＳＤ大鼠从胚胎到成体的发育过程中，ＬＤＨ同工酶谱和分布具有明显的变化。这是由于编码同工酶的基因存在和表达，由生化表现型反映到基因型的结果，因此ＬＤＨ同工酶可用来作为鉴别生物体分化发育过程中的遗传标记。
In this paper, agarose gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes and distribution in heart, kidney and liver of SD rat embryos and adult female rats. The results showed that LDH isoenzyme in rat embryos had the highest LDH5 content and the lowest LDH1 content. The isozyme activity order was LDH5> LDH4> LDH3> LDH2> LDH1. LDH2, LDH1 and LDH5 were the lowest in adult female rats. The isoenzymes were LDH2> LDH1> LDH3> LDH4> LDH5. The order of LDH1> LDH2> LDH3> LDH4 > LDH5, LDH isoenzyme in liver tissue is mainly LDH5, accounting for 83.7%. Experiments show that SD rats from embryonic to adult development process, LDH isoenzyme profile and distribution of significant changes. This is due to the presence and expression of the gene encoding the isozyme that is reflected by the biochemical phenotype as a result of the genotype. Therefore, the LDH isoenzyme can be used as a genetic marker to differentiate the developmental process of an organism.