对大豆产量进行两轮Ｓ１家系的轮回选择，结果表明：大豆产量从Ｃ０的１３７８．０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２增加到Ｃ２的１６２８．８ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，平均每轮增收９．１３％。两轮选择后，蛋白质含量、百粒重、每荚粒数等性状有显著改进；油分含量有所下降但不显著。籽粒产量选择对其他性状如单株荚数、单株粒数、主茎分枝数、主茎节数、株高、结荚高度等无显著间接效应。Ｓ１家系选择后，百粒重、每荚粒数、株高、主茎节数、主茎分枝数、结荚高度等性状仍维持较高的遗传变异，而单株粒重、单株荚数、单株粒数等性状的遗传变异有所下降。 The results showed that the soybean yield increased from 1378.0kg / hm2 of C0 to 1628.8kg / hm2 of C2, with an average increase of 9.13% per round. After two rounds of selection, the protein content, the weight of one hundred kernel, the number of kernels per pod had a significant improvement; the oil content decreased but not significant. There was no significant indirect effect on other traits such as pod number per plant, grain number per plant, branch number of main stem, node number of main stem, plant height, pod height. S1 family selection, the hundred-weight, per pod grain number, plant height, the number of main stems, main stem branch number, pod height and other traits still maintain a high genetic variation, and grain weight per plant, pods per plant The number of individuals, grain number per plant and other traits decreased genetic variation.