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目的评价周口市18岁以下人群乙型肝炎疫苗(HepB)的免疫预防效果。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对全市10个县1～18岁人群共2 434人进行乙肝血清流行病学调查,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)。结果周口市调查人群HBsAg、抗-HBs阳性率分别是2.10%、81.06%,与1999年全市2～18岁青少年儿童乙肝病毒感染状况调查结果相比下降了73.65%。结论实施乙型肝炎疫苗接种有效提高了儿童乙肝免疫水平,降低了儿童乙肝病毒表面抗原阳性率。青少年的乙肝预防控制工作需要进一步加强。
Objective To evaluate the immunoprophylaxis effect of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) in people under 18 years of age in Zhoukou City. Methods The multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the serological status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in a total of 2 434 people aged from 1 to 18 in 10 counties of the city. ELISA was used to detect the hepatitis B virus surface antigen HBsAg), hepatitis B virus surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Results The positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs in the survey population in Zhoukou were 2.10% and 81.06%, respectively, which was 73.65% lower than that of the survey results of hepatitis B virus among the children and adolescents aged 2-18 years. Conclusion The implementation of hepatitis B vaccination effectively raised the level of hepatitis B immunity in children and reduced the positive rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen in children. Adolescent hepatitis B prevention and control work needs to be further strengthened.