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目的 探讨饮水型砷中毒与成人颈动脉粥样硬化发生的关系.方法 2009年,在山西省应县,根据(WS 277-2007),选择东辛寨村、北湛村、大西头村、赤堡村和杏寨村为病区组,选择龙泉村、接马峪村、城下庄村、罗庄村和南丰町村作为对照组,利用彩超对40岁以上的饮水型高砷地区居民285人和对照地区居民293人进行颈动脉粥样硬化检查,并进行诊断、记分.在对年龄构成标准化后,计算动脉粥样硬化的标准化检出率.每个调查村各抽取10人,采用原子荧光法检测水砷和发砷.结果在病区组中,东辛寨村、北湛村、大西头村、赤堡村和杏寨村成人颈动脉粥样硬化检出率分别为35.09%(20/57)、55.74%(34/61)、38.46%(20/52)、36.51%(23/63)、46.15%(24/52);标准化检出率分别为32.5%、33.8%、34.9%、46.2%、47.3%;在对照组,龙泉村、接马峪村、城下庄村、罗庄村和南丰町村成人颈动脉粥样硬化检出率分别为18.18%(10/55)、30.77%(16/52)、20.00%(10/50)、18.67%(14/75)和21.31%(13/61);标准化检出率为22.4%、17.7%、10.7%、24.6%、18.9%.病区组的标准化检出率[39.50%(113/285)]高于对照组[21.70%(64/293),T=26,P＜0.01],病区组成人颈部动脉粥样硬化4～7分的构成[17.70%(20/113)]与对照组[14.06%(9/64)]比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.26,P＞0.05).结论山西省饮水型砷中毒病区成人的动脉粥样硬化检出率高于对照区.为进一步证实砷中毒可致动脉粥样硬化症提供了证据.“,”Objective To investigate the relationship between drinking-water type of endemic arsenicosis and adult carotid artery atherosclerosis. Methods In 2009, 285 participants aged over 40 from drinking-water type of endemic arsenism areas and 293 residents aged over 40 from control areas were investigated in Yingxian county,Shanxi province. Portable-type B mode color ultrasound was used to examine the carotid artery of all participants.The carotid atherosclerosis were diagnosed and graded through the ultrasonograms. Content of water arsenic and hair arsenic of 10 people randomly selected in every villages were detected. Results A total of 5 villages with drinkingwater type of endemic arsenicosis as observation group and 5 villages without drinking-water type of endemic arsenicosis as control group were investigated. The prevalence rates of adult carotid atherosclerosis within observation group were 35.09%(20/57), 55.74%(34/61), 38.46%(20/52), 36.51%(23/63) and 46.15%(24/52), respectively,and standardized prevalence rates were 32.5%, 33.8%, 34.9%, 46.2% and 47.3%, respectively and the prevalence rates of adult carotid atherosclerosis within control group were 18.18%(10/55), 30.77%(16/52), 20.00%(10/50),18.67% (14/75) and 21.31% ( 13/61 ), respectively; the standardize prevalence rates were 22.4%, 17.7%, 10.7%,24.6%, 18.9%, respectively. The standardize prevalence rates were higher in observation group [39.50%(113/285) ]than that in control group[39.50%(113/285), T = 26, P ＜ 0.01 ]. The severity of adult carotid atherosclerosis (composition of 4 - 7 scores ) was compared between observation group [ 17.70%(20/113 )] and control group [ 14.06% (9/64) ], and the difference was insignificant(x2 = 0.26, P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rate of carotid atherosclerosis in drinking-water type of endemic arsenicosis areas is higher than that of the control areas.The study provides evidence that arsenic poisoning can cause atherosclerosis.