一个庞大的企业,需要设立成很多分支机构和一个通盘运作的总部;一个复杂的组织需要划分成细密的职能部门。从外部看这样的组织,既可以是一棵树,它的管理中心牢牢地扎在整个树的总根上;也可以是一个网,其管理中心处于信息的交汇处;它还可以是一个扁平式结构,其不同的单元都可以直接 A large enterprise needs to be set up with many branches and a fully operational headquarters; a complex organization needs to be divided into detailed functional departments. From the outside, such an organization can be either a tree whose management center is firmly anchored to the entire root of the entire tree, a network of management centers at the intersection of information, a flat Structure, the different units can be direct