论文部分内容阅读
许多儿科疾病的治疗,其难度远远超过预防。因此,贯彻预防为主、实施防治结合,是儿科工作的基本。 免疫预防接种,是预防小儿感染性疾病最有效的措施,是贯彻预防为主的一项主要工作。我国目前以预防结核病、脊髓灰质炎、百日咳、破伤风、白喉和麻疹等6种疾病的计划免疫覆盖率,以县为单位已达85％以上,使上述疾病的发病率大大下降。正是通过几次全国性的强化免疫,使脊髓灰质炎成为继1980年全球消灭天花后,在我国消灭的第二种疾病。我国过去小儿急性黄疸型甲型肝炎一直比较多见,以武汉为例,1992～1993年两年,我院每年收治住院约250例。1993年末,武汉市的幼儿园和小学较普遍地接种甲肝疫苗,1994年全年,我院收治小儿急性黄疸型甲型肝炎仅81例,较往年减少67.6％。现在,武汉市尚有预防乙型脑炎、流行性脑脊
The treatment of many pediatric diseases is far more difficult than prevention. Therefore, it is the basic work of pediatric work to implement prevention and implement prevention and treatment. Immunization vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent infectious diseases in children, and it is a major task of implementing prevention. At present, the planned immunization coverage of six kinds of diseases in our country such as prevention of tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, pertussis, tetanus, diphtheria and measles has reached more than 85% at the county level, greatly reducing the incidence of these diseases. It is through several nationwide intensified immunizations that polio has become the second disease to be eradicated in our country following the global elimination of smallpox in 1980. In the past, children with acute jaundice hepatitis A in our country had been more common. In Wuhan, for example, from 1992 to 1993, about 250 inpatients were admitted to our hospital each year. At the end of 1993, the kindergartens and primary schools in Wuhan were receiving the hepatitis A vaccine more generally. In the whole year of 1994, only 81 cases of children with acute jaundice-type hepatitis A were treated in our hospital, a 67.6% decrease from the previous year. Now, there is prevention of encephalitis, epidemic cerebrospinalis in Wuhan