一、序言 南亚地区包括孟加拉国、不丹、印度、马尔代夫、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦和斯里兰卡,其特点是人口众多和财富拥有及社会产品分配的极不平等。结果是这一地区的绝大多数人民收入低下,陷于赤贫。这些社会经济因素使这个地区很难在国内形成为经济迅速发展所需的大部分资金。因而,这一地区的多数国家的发展计划严重依赖于国外资金。唯有印度,因信奉自 I. Preamble South Asia includes Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, which are characterized by extremely large populations and wealth inequalities and the distribution of social goods. As a result, the vast majority of the people in this region have low incomes and are in abject poverty. These socio-economic factors make it very difficult for this region to form the bulk of the funds needed for the rapid economic development in the country. Thus, the development plans of most countries in the region rely heavily on foreign funds. Only India, because of faith