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目的:探究农村男性人群体质指数和心血管疾病死亡风险的关系。方法:以唐河、凤凰县农村地区纳入“影响成年人死亡相关危险因素的前瞻性研究”项目的22 282名≥40岁的男性人群为研究对象,应用Cox比例风险回归模型计算基线不同BMI分组的人群在随访期间的心血管疾病(CVD)死亡的风险(n HR)值。n 结果:研究对象人群随访年限为(19.1±8.7)年,随访期间共死亡10 828人,死亡比例为48.6%,有4 504例死亡归因于心血管疾病。其中1 279例死于缺血性心脏病(IHD),1 201例死于缺血性卒中(IS),1 317例死于出血性卒中(HS),707例死于其他心血管疾病。用Cox比例风险回归模型(调整地区、年龄、民族、文化程度、职业、吸烟、饮酒、血压等因素)进行多因素分析显示,以BMI0.05);当18 kg/mn 2≤BMI0.05). The death risk of HS in the population with BMI between 18-24 kg/mn 2 was higher than that in the population with BMI<18 kg/mn 2 (n P<0.05). The death risk of the population with BMI between 26-28 kg/mn 2 was the highest (n HR=1.88, 95n %CI:1.18-2.99).n Conclusions:The mortality risk of CVD and IHD was the lowest in lean or normal weight group, and HS was higher in overweight group. Maintaining a reasonable weight can reduce the risk of death in patients with CVD.