Objective:Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) is a common malignant tumor in Northeast China and is frequently associated with well-established risk factors like smoking and alcohol abuse.Human papilloma virus(HPV) is an epitheliotropic oncogenic virus that has been detected in a variety of head and neck tumors including LSCC.This retrospective study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in patients with LSCC.Methods:In situ hybridization was performed in 99 patients with LSCC to detect the expression of HPV-16 E6 mRNA.Results:The positive rate of HPV16 E6 mRNA was 36.36%(36/99) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC),whereas only 3 of 50(6%) specimens of the normal laryngeal mucosa as a control group showed positive results(P<0.05).Additionally,there was no corelation between HPV16 and age,gender,clinical stage,nodal status and tumor site(P>0.05).Conclusion:The results suggest that the increased prevalence of HPV infection compared to normal laryngeal mucosa and the fact that high-risk HPV types(especially type 16) were the most frequently identified do not allow the exclusion of HPV as a risk factor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.However,their clinical value remains to be further investigated. Objective: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor in Northeast China and is frequently associated with well-established risk factors like smoking and alcohol abuse. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is an epitheliotropic oncogenic virus that has been detected in a variety of head and neck tumors including LSCC. This retrospective study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in patients with LSCC. Methods: In situ hybridization was performed in 99 patients with LSCC to detect the expression of HPV-16 E6 mRNA. Results: The positive rate of HPV16 E6 mRNA was 36.36% (36/99) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), only only 3 of 50 (6%) specimens of the normal laryngeal mucosa as a control group showed positive results (P <0.05 Additionally, there was no corelation between HPV16 and age, gender, clinical stage, nodal status and tumor site (P> 0.05) .Conclusion: The results suggest that the increased prevalence of HPV infection compared to normal laryngeal mucosa and th e fact that high-risk HPV types (especially type 16) were the most frequently identified do not allow the exclusion of HPV as a risk factor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However, their clinical value remains to be further investigated.