河南省西部广泛分布着石炭二迭系煤田,而以下二迭系山西组二_1煤层为主要勘探和开发对象。煤田多属暴露式和半暴露式,现已探明保有储量占全省保有储量的60％;年产原煤占全省煤产量的75％。值得注意的是,占主导地位的二_1煤层在豫西的大部地区厚度变化大,应属不稳定型煤层(见表1)。二_1煤层的储量约占豫西已探明保有储量的38％。由于煤层厚度变化大,至今尚未找到合适的采煤机械化途径,所以矿井的生产能力低,主要以中小型矿井开发为主。 认为二_1煤层确属不稳定型煤层,是通过长期的勘探和上百个生产矿井下的实际揭露逐步深化认识得出的结论。因此,对这样的主要开采煤层究竟应按何种类型勘探、选择何种井型、才能获得较好的经济效益呢?笔者对此发表一些看法。 一、二_1煤层变化情况 The western Henan Province is widely distributed with Carboniferous-Permian coalfields, while the second Permian Shanxi Formation II-1 is the main exploration and development target. Coalfields are mostly exposed and semi-exposed, now proven reserves of 60% of the province’s total reserves; annual output of coal accounted for 75% of the province’s coal production. It is noteworthy that the dominant layer II_1 has a large thickness variation in most parts of western Henan and should be of an unstable type (Table 1). Two _1 coal seam reserves of about 90% of the proven reserves in western Henan. Due to the large thickness variation of coal seams, so far no suitable mining mechanization path has been found. Therefore, the production capacity of mines is low, mainly for the development of small and medium-sized mines. It is concluded that Er-1 coal seam is indeed an unstable coal seam and is concluded through the deepening of understanding through long-term exploration and actual disclosure under hundreds of production mines. Therefore, what kind of exploration and selection of well patterns should be carried out for such main mining coal seams so as to obtain better economic benefits? The author makes some comments. One, two _1 coal seam changes