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热电子发射指加热金属使其中更多的电子克服表面势垒而逸出的现象,易见逸出的电子和丢失电子的金属会存在电势.基于这一原理,本文提出了金属-势垒-金属的热电子发电模型,采用量子理论将金属中电子运动近似为索末非自由电子气模型.针对势垒宽度的不同,提出了两种近似模型.第一种模型假设金属间势垒宽度足够大,电子运动以越过势垒为主;第二种模型假设金属间势垒宽度足够小,电子运动以隧道效应遂穿势垒为主.对第一种模型进行了详细的理论分析和推导,包括模型建立,开路电压计算,绘制伏安特性曲线等.对第二种模型进行了简略的理论分析.最后,本文在理论上指出了热电子发电的可行性,可以为金属热电子发电实物研制中材料的选择,温度的设置提供指导.
Hot electron emission refers to the phenomenon of heating metal to make more electrons escape the surface barrier, and it is easy to see that there will be a potential for the escaped electrons and the electron-losing metal.Based on this principle, a metal-barrier- In the model of thermoelectric power generation, the quantum theory is used to approximate the motion of electrons in metal to the non-free electron gas (SOG) model. Two approximate models are proposed for different barrier widths. The first model assumes that the intermetallic barrier width is sufficient The second model assumes that the width of the intermetallic barrier is small enough and the electron tunneling tunneling is the dominant barrier. The first model is analyzed in detail and deduced, Including model building, open-circuit voltage calculation, drawing volt-ampere characteristic curve, etc. The second model is briefly analyzed theoretically.Finally, the paper points out the feasibility of thermoelectric power generation theoretically, which can be used for physical development of metal thermoelectric power generation The choice of materials, temperature settings provide guidance.