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小麦是我区主要的粮食作物。近年来,农田基本建设不断发展,小麦生产也迅速地发展。但目前,品种混杂退化严重,良种不适应生产需要,因而限制了小麦产量进一步提高。据了解,各地生产上应用的冬小麦品种仍然是过去引进的乌克兰0246、新乌克兰83、奥德萨16和农家品种白冬麦、红冬麦、黑冬麦等,春小麦品种为黑芒春麦、大头麦、喀什白皮、红春麦、金包银等几个老品种,它们在高产、抗病、抗倒、抗寒等方面都不能满足生产发展的需要。这些品种更因混杂退化,降低或失去了原有高产、抗逆等特性。不少地区,小麦品种更成了大杂烩,抽穗期间可以看到田间某个品种的穗型多种多样。在乌什县调查乌克兰0246冬麦的穗型,符合本品种穗型特征的仅54％,
Wheat is the main food crop in our region. In recent years, farmland capital construction has been developing continuously and wheat production has also developed rapidly. However, at present, the variety of mixed degeneration is serious and the seed is not suitable for production needs, thus limiting the further increase of wheat yield. It is understood that the production of winter wheat varieties used in the past is still imported in the past 0246 Ukraine, New Ukraine 83, Odessa 16 and winter wheat cultivars, red winter wheat, black winter wheat, spring wheat varieties of black mares, bulk Wheat, Kashi white skin, red spring wheat, gold package silver and several other varieties, they are in high yield, disease resistance, anti-down, cold and so on can not meet the needs of production and development. These varieties are more mixed due to degradation, reduce or lose the original high yield, resistance and other characteristics. In many areas, the wheat variety has become a hodge-podge. During the heading, one can see a variety of spikes of a certain variety in the field. Investigate in Ukraine Wushan 0246 winter wheat ear type, in line with the characteristics of this type of spike only 54%