目的了解消除丝虫病后远期效果,监测丝虫病流行动态,防止丝虫病再度传播。方法采用病原学结合血清学监测的方法,对可能遗留残存传染源的地区进行主动搜索,追踪观察原微丝蚴血症者,核实临床诊断和疑似病例,另对慢性丝虫病患者实施照料。结果2001～2007年血检23 275人,未发现微丝蚴血症者。2001～2006年对原班氏微丝蚴血症者追踪观察783人次,未发现复阳微丝蚴血症者。2000年原班氏丝虫病地区以ICT卡检测人群丝虫循环抗原,1 929人中未发现阳性。2008年丝虫病重点地区IgG4抗体检测阳性率0.05%,阳性者亦未发现微丝蚴。2004～2008年调查排除22例丝虫病临床诊断和疑似丝虫病例。26个县(市)调查发现3 061例遗留慢性丝虫病患者,1例新发慢性丝虫病患者。结论湖北省消除丝虫病后没有发现内源性传染源,丝虫病防治成果巩固。 Objective To understand the long-term effects of eliminating filariasis, monitor the prevalence of filariasis and prevent the recurrence of filariasis. Methods The etiological and serological monitoring methods were used to search for the areas with possible residual source of infection, to observe the original microfilaremia, to verify the clinical diagnosis and suspected cases, and to take care of patients with chronic filariasis. Results Blood samples from 2001 to 2007 were 23,275 and no microfilaremia was found. From 2001 to 2006, 783 people were followed up on the first fascicle microfilaremia, and no signs of complex microfilaremia were found. In 2000, the original filariasis area of ​​Bancroftian was detected by ICT-card in the population of filarial circulating antigens, of which 1 929 were not found positive. In 2008, the positive rate of IgG4 antibody in focal areas of filariasis was 0.05%, and no positive microfilariae were found. The survey from 2004 to 2008 excluded 22 cases of filariasis clinical diagnosis and suspected filariasis cases. Twenty-six counties (cities) found 3,061 cases of chronic filariasis and 1 case of new chronic filariasis. Conclusion Endogenous source of infection was not found after the elimination of filariasis in Hubei Province, and the prevention and cure of filariasis was consolidated.