(一)凯恩斯“革命”的理论背景与历史背景 1936年,西方经济学界发生了一件大事,那就是J·M·凯恩斯发表了他的代表作:《就业、利息和货币通论》(以下简称《通论》)。凯恩斯在撰写《通论》的时候,就开始造舆论。他给戏剧家萧伯纳的信中曾提及此事,并颇为自负地说:此书也许会对世界上关于经济问题的思考方法发生革命,世人将拭目以待。果然,该书 (A) the theoretical background and historical background of Keynes’s “revolution” In 1936, a major event in the western economics circle was that JM Keynes published his masterpiece “General Theory of Employment, Interest and Currency” (hereinafter referred to as “ General Theory ”). Keynes began making public opinion when he wrote The General Theory. In his letter to the dramatist George Bernard Shaw, Bernard Shaw referred to the matter and said with some inattention: The book may revolutionize the way the world thinks about economic issues and the world will see. Sure enough, the book