一、序言地震时发生的地表断裂,是震区应力场及其随地震而发生的动态变化所造成的地表宏观现象,对研究震时震区受力方式、地震发生机制和震区断层活动状况,都是很有价值的宏观记录。 1976年唐山地震,在东起渤海边西至通县,南起天津北至迁安的范围内,产生了大量地表断裂。这些地表断裂有的在土层中,有的在基岩内,有的在公路和机场跑道上。它 I. Preface The surface rupture that occurs during an earthquake is a macroscopic surface phenomenon caused by the earthquake zone stress field and its dynamic changes with the earthquake. It is of great significance to study the stress modes of the earthquake zone, the earthquake occurrence mechanism and the earthquake fault zone activity , Are very valuable macro records. In 1976, the Tangshan earthquake caused a large number of surface ruptures in the range from the west of Bohai Sea to Tongxian in the east and the north of Tianjin to Qian’an in the south. Some of these surface ruptures are in soil, some in bedrock, and some on highways and airport runways. it