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目的了解凉山州彝族学生体质指数(BMI)的长期变化趋势,为制定彝族学生健康促进政策提供可靠依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法选取调查对象,采用现场体质测量的方法收集调查信息,通过比较不同时期同一性质人群的3次定期开展的横断面调查的结果来判断彝族学生BMI的长期变化趋势。结果彝族男生BMI从1985年的16.99上升到2015年的17.91,上升幅度为0.92;彝族女生BMI从1985年的17.24上升到2015年的18.18,上升幅度为0.94;1985、2010和2015年彝族男生超重率分别为0.33%、2.60%和5.16%,彝族女生超重率分别为1.47%、4.03%和4.25%;1985、2010和2015年彝族男生肥胖率分别为0.08%、1.20%和2.65%,彝族女生肥胖率分别为0.10%、0.64%和2.02%。结论 30年来凉山州彝族学生BMI均值增加明显,彝族学生超重和肥胖率呈整体上升趋势,需加强宣教和行为干预。
Objective To understand the long-term trend of the body mass index (BMI) of Yi students in Liangshan Prefecture and provide a reliable basis for formulating the health promotion policies for Yi students. Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to select the survey subjects. The survey information was collected by on-the-spot physique measurement, and the long-term trend of BMI of Yi students was judged by comparing the results of three regular cross-sectional surveys conducted by the same quality people in different periods. Results The BMI of Yi boys increased from 16.99 in 1985 to 17.91 in 2015, up by 0.92. The BMI of Yi girls rose from 17.24 in 1985 to 18.18 in 2015, up by 0.94. The Yi boys in 1985, 2010 and 2015 were overweight The rates of overweight of Yi girls were 1.47%, 4.03% and 4.25% respectively. The obesity rates of Yi boys in 1985, 2010 and 2015 were 0.08%, 1.20% and 2.65%, respectively. The Yi girls Obesity rates were 0.10%, 0.64% and 2.02%, respectively. Conclusions The average BMI of Yi students in Liangshan Prefecture increased significantly over the past 30 years. The overweight and obesity rates of Yi students showed an overall upward trend, and mission and behavioral interventions should be strengthened.