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目的了解南昌市2015年麻疹流行特点及近年流行规律,探讨麻疹发病高风险地区麻疹控制策略及干预措施。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对南昌市2015年麻疹疫情资料进行流行病学分析,对1990—2015年发病情况进行分析。结果南昌市2015年共报告麻疹病例16例;南昌市6个县区有病例发生,病例以散居儿童为主,其次为学生。麻疹全年均有发病,病例主要集中在3—7月份;以<2岁组和>21岁组发病率较高。自2009年开始麻疹疫苗强化免疫接种工作以来,南昌市麻疹发病率持续维持在较低水平。结论实施计划免疫对控制麻疹疫情效果显著,应进一步加强麻疹监测,做好麻疹疫情调查与处置,并关注小月龄婴儿和成人易感者在麻疹病毒传播中的作用,对麻疹发病高风险人群采取宣教、疫苗接种等措施,进一步降低麻疹发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in recent years in Nanchang and the prevalence of measles in recent years and to explore measles control strategies and interventions in high risk areas of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze epidemiological data of measles in Nanchang in 2015 and analyze the incidence in 1990-2015. Results A total of 16 cases of measles were reported in Nanchang in 2015; 6 cases were found in Nanchang. The cases were mainly scattered children, followed by students. The incidence of measles all year round, the cases mainly concentrated in March-July; <2-year-old group and> 21-year-old group had a higher incidence. Since the start of measles vaccine immunization in 2009, the incidence of measles in Nanchang has been kept at a relatively low level. Conclusion The implementation of the planned immunization has significant effect on the control of measles epidemics. Surveillance of measles should be further strengthened to investigate and dispose the measles epidemic. Attention should also be paid to the role of measles virus transmission in babies and young susceptible persons with small months of age. Take measures such as propaganda and vaccination to further reduce the incidence of measles.