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以庞泉沟自然保护区海拔1630～2430m的森林群落为研究对象,采用样方法(共取10m×10m样方84个)进行物种组成和环境因子调查,对物种多样性及其与环境因子的关系进行研究。结果表明:(1)随着森林群落垂直分布的变化,即从山体下部(1630～2000m)的华北落叶松灌木群落到山体中部(2000～2200m)的华北落叶松云杉桦木混交林群落,再到山体上部(2200～2430m)的华北落叶松苔草群落,物种丰富度指数(R0)与Shannon-Wiener指数(H)呈现由小增大(在中部达最大)和由大减小的趋势;而Simpson指数(λ)和Pielou均匀度指数(E)则呈现持续增大趋势。(2)海拔与R0(r=-0.541,P<0.01)、H(r=-0.377,P<0.01)呈极显著负相关,与λ(r=0.495,P<0.01)呈极显著正相关;坡向与R0(r=-0.365,P<0.01)呈极显著负相关,与H(r=-0.250,P<0.05)呈显著负相关,与λ(r=0.356,P<0.01)呈极显著正相关;坡度和土层厚度与多样性指数的相关性不显著。(3)乔木层盖度与R0(r=0.238,P<0.05)和H(r=0.217,P<0.05)的相关性显著,草本层盖度与R0(r=0.275,P<0.05)和λ(r=-0.381,P<0.01)的相关性显著,而灌木层盖度与各多样性指数的相关性均不显著。
Taking the forest community of Pangquangou Nature Reserve 1630 ~ 2430m above sea level as the research object, the species composition and environmental factors were investigated by using the sampling method (84 samples of 10m × 10m in total), and the species diversity and environmental factors Relationship research. The results showed that: (1) With the vertical distribution of forest community, from the Larix principis-rupprechtii shrub community in the lower part of the mountain (1630 ~ 2000m) to the birch community of Larix principis-rupprechtii Picei-birch forest in the middle of the mountain (2000 ~ 2200m) The species richness index (R0) and Shannon-Wiener index (H) of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities in the upper part of mountain range (2200 ~ 2430m) show the trend of small increasing (reaching the maximum in the middle) While the Simpson index (λ) and Pielou evenness index (E) show a continuous increasing trend. (2) There was a significant negative correlation between altitude and R0 (r = -0.541, P <0.01), H (r = -0.377, P <0.01) and extremely significant positive correlation with λ (r = 0.495, P <0.01) (R = -0.365, P <0.01), but negatively correlated with H (r = -0.250, P <0.05) Very significant positive correlation; slope and soil thickness and diversity index was not significant. (3) There was a significant correlation between arbor cover and R0 (r = 0.238, P <0.05) and H (r = 0.217, P <0.05) λ (r = -0.381, P <0.01). However, the correlation between shrub layer coverage and diversity indices was not significant.